Malta made headlines in December 2021 by becoming the first EU country to legalise personal use of cannabis. While this move was welcomed by advocates for drug policy reform, it also raised a lot of questions, especially among expats and tourists.
If you’re living in Malta, thinking of relocating here, or just planning a visit, it’s essential to understand how Malta’s cannabis law works. It’s legal – but limited, and misunderstanding the rules could still get you fined.
Here’s what you need to know.
A Quick Look Back: How Did Malta Legalise Cannabis?
The path to legalisation started with a growing push for decriminalisation and a more health-focused approach to drug use. In 2015, Malta decriminalised the possession of small amounts of cannabis, shifting away from jail sentences toward administrative fines.
But the real milestone came in December 2021, when the Maltese government, under Prime Minister Robert Abela, passed a new law legalising personal cultivation and possession. The law was spearheaded by Owen Bonnici, then Minister for Equality, Research and Innovation.
This legal framework, known as the Authority on the Responsible Use of Cannabis Act (Act LXVI of 2021), set up a system allowing adults to grow limited amounts of cannabis at home and access it through non-profit Cannabis Associations.
The aim? To reduce the harm caused by criminalisation, take power away from traffickers, and allow users to consume safely and privately.
What’s Legal Under the Cannabis Law?
Here’s what you’re legally allowed to do in Malta as a resident:
✔️Join a non-profit Cannabis Club to access cannabis legally (available to residents only).
✔️Possess up to 7 grams of cannabis for personal use in public (if you’re over 18).
✔️Keep up to 50 grams at home.
✔️Grow up to 4 plants per household for personal use.
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Important: Cannabis clubs must be officially registered and regulated. They are not open to tourists, and you must be a member to receive cannabis through them.
What’s Not Legal – and What Can Get You Fined
❌Smoking in public: Fine of €235.
❌ Smoking in the presence of minors: Fine of €300 to €500.
❌Possessing more than 7 grams in public (but under 28g): treated as an administrative offence.
❌ Grow more than 4 plants per household for personal use: exceeding the legal limit.
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Repeat offenders may be required to attend a hearing with a drug tribunal. Offences involving trafficking or supply still carry criminal penalties.
Can Tourists Legally Use Cannabis in Malta?
In short: No. Tourists are not allowed to:
🚫 Smoke in public
🚫 Buy or carry cannabis from clubs (they are for residents only)
🚫 Bring cannabis into the country (even for medical use, unless properly declared and authorised)
Bringing cannabis through the airport is illegal and can result in criminal charges, even if it’s legal in your home country. Tourists should be cautious and avoid using cannabis altogether while in Malta to stay on the safe side of the law.
Cannabis for Expats Living in Malta
If you’re moving to Malta and thinking of using cannabis legally, here are some points to keep in mind:
✔️ You must be a resident to grow cannabis or join a licensed Cannabis Association.
✔️ Clubs can only distribute cannabis to members and cannot operate for profit.
✔️ Cultivation must be private – no plants on balconies, terraces, or in visible areas.
The law aims to strike a balance between personal freedom and public safety. Expats should familiarise themselves with the ARUC guidelines if they plan to grow or consume cannabis regularly.
What Are Cannabis Clubs?
Cannabis Associations, often called Cannabis Clubs, are at the heart of Malta’s legal framework. These are non-profit organisations where registered adult residents can grow and distribute cannabis collectively.
The system is regulated under Article 7A of the Authority on the Responsible Use of Cannabis Act (Act LXVI of 2021), and all clubs must be licensed by ARUC (the Authority for the Responsible Use of Cannabis). Members can receive up to 7 grams per day and a maximum of 50 grams per month.
These clubs are not open to tourists, cannot operate for profit, and must follow strict rules on transparency, safety, and privacy. The goal is to create a controlled, community-based alternative to the illegal market.
Use Responsibly, Stay Informed
Malta’s cannabis law is forward-thinking, but it’s not a free-for-all. Responsible use is key, and knowing the rules is crucial, especially if you’re new to the island. For residents, the law offers a safe, legal framework to consume cannabis privately.
For tourists, the message is clear:
Enjoy Malta’s sun, sea, and culture, but leave the weed behind.
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